Ant Colony Optimization

The TSP is a very important problem in the context of Ant Colony Optimization because it is the problem to which the original AS was first applied, and it has later often been used as a benchmark to test a new idea and algorithmic variants. We describe an artificial ant colony capable of solving the traveling salesman problem (TSP). Ants of the artificial colony are able to generate successively shorter feasible tours by using information accumulated in  the form of a pheromone trail deposited on the edges of the TSP graph. Ant Colony Algorithm Ant are the agents that 1.    Choose next town to go according to the probability that is a function of distance of town and amount of pheromone on edge. 2.     Legal tours are “forced” by use of a tabular list; an ant can only visit a town once. Each ant has its own “tour memory”. 3.      When the tour is complete, a pheromone is laid down on the trail. 4.     Itera...

We might have seen but not noticed that how these ants follow each other as they don't have eyes to see. The answer to this question is "Ants are behaviorally unsophisticated agents and they collectively perform complex tasks.    Ants have highly developed sophisticated sign-based stigmergy. Ants communicate by using pheromones. Pheromones are the chemical substances which ant release while travelling.  Trails are laid that can be followed by other ants. Pheromone evaporate in some time and it  accumulates with multiple ants using same path." Natural Behavior of Ants : (A) Real ants follow a path between nest and food source. (B) An obstacle appears on the path: Ants choose whether to turn left or right with equal probability. (C) Pheromone is deposited more quickly on the shorter path. (D) All ants have chosen the shorter path. How Do Ants Work : Ants wandering for Food Forming a Pheromone Trail Trails are Formed How Pheromone Trails...

                    Swarm Intelligence (SI) is an Artificial Intelligence technique involving the study of collective behaviour in decentralized systems. Such systems are made up by a population of simple agents interacting locally with one other and with their environment.  Emergent behavior observed in:                    1.  Birds Birds Behavior     2. Fishes Behavior of Fishes 3. Bees Bees Behavior 4. Ants Ant Colony under Earth's Bed